Character array

Single dimension character array

char n[20];

The variable “n” is a character array , it can store max 19 characters, 1 location is reserved for ‘\0’(NULL character).
Note:

* ‘\0’ (NULL character) is not included in the length of the string.

* ‘\0’ (NULL character) is included in the size of the string.

Example:

N=”hello”
Size =6
Length=5

Question:1
C program to take input for a string and display it in the given format? And display length of string?
Example:
n=”hello”
o/p
h
e
l
l
o
Sol:

/* Using for loop */
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
  char n[20];
  int i=0;
  printf("Enter any string ");
  gets(n);
  for(i=0;i<=n[i]!='\0';i++)
  {
      printf("%c\n",n[i]);
  }
  printf("Len = %d\n",i);
  return(0);
}

/* Using while loop */
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
  char n[20];
  int i=0;
  printf("Enter any string ");
  gets(n);
  while(n[i]!='\0')
  {
      printf("%c\n",n[i]);
      i++;
  }
  printf("Len = %d\n",i);
  return(0);
}

/* Output */

Enter any string hello hi
h
e
l
l
o

h
i
Len = 8

Question:2
C program to take input for a string and display it and also print the following:
* total length i.e. total characters
* total alphabets
Sol:

/* Using for loop */
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
  char n[20];
  int i=0,a=0;
  printf("Enter any string ");
  gets(n);
  for(i=0;n[i]!='\0';i++) 
  {
      printf("%c\n",n[i]);
      if((n[i]>='A' && n[i]<='Z') || (n[i]>='a' && n[i]<='z'))
         a++;
  }
  printf("Len = %d\n",i);
  printf("Total alphabets = %d\n",a);
  return(0);
}

/* Using while loop */
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
  char n[20];
  int i=0,a=0;
  printf("Enter any string ");
  gets(n);
  while(n[i]!='\0')
  {
      printf("%c\n",n[i]);
      if((n[i]>='A' && n[i]<='Z') || (n[i]>='a' && n[i]<='z'))
         a++;
      i++;
  }
  printf("Len = %d\n",i);
  printf("Total alphabets = %d\n",a);
  return(0);
}

/* Output */

Enter any string he23llo
h
e
2
3
l
l
o
Len = 7
Total alphabets = 5

Question:3
C program to take input for a string and display it and also print the following:
* total length i.e. total characters
* total alphabets
* total upper case alphabet
* total lower case alphabets
* total digits
* total spaces
* total special characters
Sol:

/* Using for loop */
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
  char n[20];
  int i=0,a=0,ua=0,la=0,d=0,sp=0,spl=0;
  printf("Enter any string ");
  gets(n);
  for(i=0;n[i]!='\0';i++)
  {
      printf("%c\n",n[i]);
      if((n[i]>='A' && n[i]<='Z') || (n[i]>='a' && n[i]<='z'))
      {
         a++;
         if(n[i]>='A' && n[i]<='Z')
            ua++;
         else
            la++;
      }
      else
        if(n[i]>='0' && n[i]<='9')
        d++;
      else
        if(n[i]==' ')
            sp++;
        else
            spl++;
  }
  printf("Len = %d\n",i);
  printf("Total alphabets = %d upper alphabets = %d lower alphabets = %d\n",a,ua,la);
  printf("digits = %d  spaces = %d special characters = %d\n",d,sp,spl);
  return(0);
}

/* Using while loop */
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
  char n[20];
  int i=0,a=0,ua=0,la=0,d=0,sp=0,spl=0;
  printf("Enter any string ");
  gets(n);
  while(n[i]!='\0')
  {
      printf("%c\n",n[i]);
      if((n[i]>='A' && n[i]<='Z') || (n[i]>='a' && n[i]<='z'))
      {
         a++;
         if(n[i]>='A' && n[i]<='Z')
            ua++;
         else
            la++;
      }
      else
        if(n[i]>='0' && n[i]<='9')
        d++;
      else
        if(n[i]==' ')
            sp++;
        else
            spl++;
        i++;
  }
  printf("Len = %d\n",i);
  printf("Total alphabets = %d upper alphabets = %d lower alphabets = %d\n",a,ua,la);
  printf("digits = %d  spaces = %d special characters = %d\n",d,sp,spl);
  return(0);
}

/* Output */

Enter any string He23 $%45llo
H
e
2
3

$
%
4
5
l
l
o
Len = 12
Total alphabets = 5 upper alphabets = 1 lower alphabets = 4
digits = 4  spaces = 1 special characters = 2

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