String Inbuilt Functions
String inbuilt functions
Header file : string.h
#include<string.h>
strlen() : (String length)
The “strlen()” function gives the length of a string, not including the NULL character at the end. Spaces are included in the length.
syntax:
variable=strlen(string);
N=”HELLO”;
|
H |
E |
L |
L |
O |
‘\0’ |
Example:
n=”Hello”;
strlen(n);
Ans: 5
n=”Hello world”;
strlen(n);
Ans: 11
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char n[20];
int len;
printf("Enter any string ");
scanf("%s",n);
//gets(n);
//scanf("%[^\n]s",n);//to input string with space
//scanf("%4s",n); //will take input for only first 4 characters
printf("string is %s\n",n);
len=strlen(n);
printf("len = %d\n",len);
return(0);
}
/* Output */ Enter any string Hello string is Hello len = 5
strcpy() : (String copy)
This function helps us to the copy the contents of one string onto another string
Syntax:
strcpy(string1,string2);
the content of 2nd string will be copied onto the the 1st string , if string1 is containing some text it will be overwritten.
Example:1
n1=”hello”;
n2=”hi”;
strcpy(n1,n2);
contents of n2 will be copied onto n1
result:
n1=”hi”
n2=”hi”
Example:2
n1=”hello”;
n2=”hi”;
strcpy(n2,n1);
contents of n1 will be copied onto n2
result:
n1=”hello”
n2=”hello”
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
char n[20],n1[20];
printf("Enter any string ");
gets(n);
strcpy(n1,n);
printf("String is %s ,copied string is %s\n",n,n1);
return(0);
}
/* Output */ Enter any string hello String is hello ,copied string is hello
strcat() :(string concatenation/string joining)
This function helps us to add the contents of one string into another string.
Syntax:
strcat(string1,string2);
the content of 2nd string will be added onto the contents of 1st string.
Example:1
n1=”hello”
n2=”hi”
strcat(n1,n2);
contnets of n2 will be added after the existing contents of n1
result:
n1=”hellohi”
n2=”hi”
Example:2
n1=”hello”
n2=”hi”
strcat(n2,n1);
contnets of n1 will be added after the existing contents of n2
n1=”hello”
n2=”hihello”
Example:3
if we want to add two strings in third string
n1=”hello”
n2=”catalyst”
n3
strcpy(n3,n1)
strcat(n3,n2)
result:
n3=”hellocatalyst”
Example:4
if we want to add two strings in third string and give space between them
n1=”hello”
n2=”catalyst”
n3
strcpy(n3,n1)
strcat(n3,” “);
strcat(n3,n2)
result:
n3=”hello catalyst”
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char n1[20],n2[20],n3[40];
printf("Enter 1st string ");
gets(n1);
printf("Enter 2nd string ");
gets(n2);
strcpy(n3,n1);
strcat(n3," ");//for space
strcat(n3,n2);
printf("concatenated string is %s\n",n3);
return(0);
}
/* Output */ Enter 1st string Hello Enter 2nd string World concatenated string is Hello World
