6.
What is the output of the below program?
x = 50
def func():
global x
print('x is', x)
x = 2
print('Changed global x to', x)
func()
print('Value of x is', x)
a) x is 50
Changed global x to 2
Value of x is 50
b) x is 50
Changed global x to 2
Value of x is 2
c) x is 50
Changed global x to 50
Value of x is 50
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
EXPLANATION: The global statement is used to declare that x is a global variable – hence, when we assign a value to x inside the function, that change is reflected when we use the value of x in the main block.
7.
What is the output of below program?
def say(message, times = 1):
print(message * times)
say('Hello')
say('World', 5)
a)
Hello
WorldWorldWorldWorldWorld
b)
Hello
World 5
c)
Hello
World,World,World,World,World
d)
Hello
HelloHelloHelloHelloHello
Answer: a
EXPLANATION: For some functions, you may want to make some parameters optional and use default values in case the user does not want to provide values for them. This is done with the help of default argument values. You can specify default argument values for parameters by appending to the parameter name in the function definition the assignment operator (=) followed by the default value.
The function named say is used to print a string as many times as specified. If we don’t supply a value, then by default, the string is printed just once. We achieve this by specifying a default argument value of 1 to the parameter times.
In the first usage of say, we supply only the string and it prints the string once. In the second usage of say, we supply both the string and an argument 5 stating that we want to say the string message 5 times.
8.
What is the output of the below program?
def func(a, b=5, c=10):
print('a is', a, 'and b is', b, 'and c is', c)
func(3, 7)
func(25, c = 24)
func(c = 50, a = 100)
a)
a is 7 and b is 3 and c is 10
a is 25 and b is 5 and c is 24
a is 5 and b is 100 and c is 50
b)
a is 3 and b is 7 and c is 10
a is 5 and b is 25 and c is 24
a is 50 and b is 100 and c is 5
c)
a is 3 and b is 7 and c is 10
a is 25 and b is 5 and c is 24
a is 100 and b is 5 and c is 50
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
EXPLANATION: If you have some functions with many parameters and you want to specify only some of them, then you can give values for such parameters by naming them – this is called keyword arguments – we use the name (keyword) instead of the position (which we have been using all along) to specify the arguments to the function.
The function named func has one parameter without a default argument value, followed by two parameters with default argument values.
In the first usage, func(3, 7), the parameter a gets the value 3, the parameter b gets the value 7 and c gets the default value of 10.
In the second usage func(25, c=24), the variable a gets the value of 25 due to the position of the argument. Then, the parameter c gets the value of 24 due to naming i.e. keyword arguments. The variable b gets the default value of 5.
In the third usage func(c=50, a=100), we use keyword arguments for all specified values. Notice that we are specifying the value for parameter c before that for a even though a is defined before c in the function definition.
9.
What is the output of below program?
def maximum(x, y):
if x > y:
return x
elif x == y:
return 'The numbers are equal'
else:
return y
print(maximum(2, 3))
a) 2
b) 3
c) The numbers are equal
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
EXPLANATION: The maximum function returns the maximum of the parameters, in this case the numbers supplied to the function. It uses a simple if..else statement to find the greater value and then returns that value.
10.
Which are the advantages of functions in python?
a) Reducing duplication of code
b) Decomposing complex problems into simpler pieces
c) Improving the clarity of the code
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
